Cataracts - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cataracts/symptoms-causes/syc-20353790

Cataracts

Overview

A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye, which is typically clear. For people who have cataracts, seeing through cloudy lenses is like looking through a frosty or fogged-up window. Clouded vision caused by cataracts can make it more difficult to read, drive a car at night or see the expression on a friend's face.

Most cataracts develop slowly and don't disturb eyesight early on. But with time, cataracts will eventually affect vision.

At first, stronger lighting and eyeglasses can help deal with cataracts. But if impaired vision affects usual activities, cataract surgery might be needed. Fortunately, cataract surgery is generally a safe, effective procedure.

Symptoms

Symptoms of cataracts include:

• Clouded, blurred or dim vision.
• Trouble seeing at night.
• Sensitivity to light and glare.
• Need for brighter light for reading and other activities.
• Seeing "halos" around lights.
• Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescription.
• Fading or yellowing of colors.
• Double vision in one eye.

At first, the cloudiness in your vision caused by a cataract may affect only a small part of the eye's lens. You may not notice any vision loss. As the cataract grows larger, it clouds more of your lens. More clouding changes the light passing through the lens. This may lead to symptoms you notice more.

When to see a doctor

Make an appointment for an eye exam if you notice any changes in your vision. If you develop sudden vision changes, such as double vision or flashes of light, sudden eye pain, or a sudden headache, see a member of your health care team right away.

Request an appointment

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Causes

Most cataracts develop when aging or injury changes the tissue that makes up the eye's lens. Proteins and fibers in the lens begin to break down. This causes vision to become hazy or cloudy.

Some disorders passed down from parents that cause other health problems can increase your risk of cataracts. Cataracts also can be caused by other eye conditions, past eye surgery or medical conditions such as diabetes. Long-term use of steroid medicines also may cause cataracts to develop.

How a cataract forms

A cataract is a cloudy lens. The lens sits behind the colored part of your eye, called the iris. The lens focuses light that passes into your eye. This produces clear, sharp images on the back part of the eye, called the retina.

As you age, the lenses in your eyes become less flexible, less clear and thicker. Aging and some medical conditions can cause proteins and fibers within the lenses to break down and clump together. This is what causes the clouding in the lenses.

As the cataract grows, the clouding becomes worse. A cataract scatters and blocks the light as it passes through the lens. This prevents a sharply defined image from reaching your retina. As a result, your vision becomes blurred.

Cataracts usually happen in both eyes, but not always at the same rate. The cataract in one eye may be worse than the other. This causes a difference in vision between eyes.

Types of cataracts

Cataract types include:

• Cataracts affecting the center of the lens, called nuclear cataracts. A nuclear cataract may at first cause objects far away to be blurry but objects up close to look clear. A nuclear cataract may even improve your reading vision for a short time. But with time, the lens slowly turns more yellow or brown and makes your vision worse. It may become difficult to tell colors apart.
• Cataracts that affect the edges of the lens, called cortical cataracts. A cortical cataract begins as white, wedge-shaped spots or streaks on the outer edge of the lens cortex. As the cataract slowly grows, the streaks spread to the center and affect light passing through the lens.
• Cataracts that affect the back of the lens, called posterior subcapsular cataracts. A posterior subcapsular cataract starts as a small spot that usually forms near the back of the lens, right in the path of light. A posterior subcapsular cataract often affects your reading vision. It also may reduce your vision in bright light and cause glare or halos around lights at night. These types of cataracts tend to grow faster than others.

• Cataracts you're born with, called congenital cataracts. Some people are born with cataracts or develop them during childhood. These cataracts may be passed down from parents. They also may be associated with an infection or trauma while in the womb.

  These cataracts also may be due to certain conditions. These may include myotonic dystrophy, galactosemia, neurofibromatosis type 2 or rubella. Congenital cataracts don't always affect vision. If they do, they're usually removed soon after they're found.

Risk factors

Factors that increase your risk of cataracts include:

• Increasing age.
• Diabetes.
• Getting too much sunlight.
• Smoking.
• Obesity.
• Family history of cataracts.
• Previous eye injury or inflammation.
• Previous eye surgery.
• Prolonged use of corticosteroid medicines.
• Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol.

Prevention

No studies have proved how to prevent or slow the growth of cataracts. But health care professionals think several strategies may be helpful, including:

• Regular eye exams. Eye exams can help detect cataracts and other eye problems at their earliest stages. Ask your health care team how often you should have an eye examination.
• Do not smoke. Ask a member of your health care team how to stop smoking. Medicines, counseling and other strategies are available to help you.
• Manage other health problems. Follow your treatment plan if you have diabetes or other medical conditions that can increase your risk of cataracts.

• Choose a healthy diet that includes plenty of fruits and vegetables. Adding fruits and vegetables to your diet ensures that you're getting many vitamins and nutrients. Fruits and vegetables have antioxidants. Antioxidants help maintain the health of your eyes.

  Studies haven't proved that antioxidants in pill form can prevent cataracts. But a large population study recently showed that a healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals reduced the risk of developing cataracts. Fruits and vegetables have many proven health benefits. Eating them is a safe way to get enough minerals and vitamins in your diet.

• Wear sunglasses. Ultraviolet light from the sun may cause cataracts. Wear sunglasses that block ultraviolet B rays when you're outdoors.
• Reduce alcohol use. Drinking too much alcohol can increase the risk of cataracts.

By Mayo Clinic Staff

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Sole Proprietorship in Singapore: A Registration Guide - Sleek

https://sleek.com/sg/library/navigating-sole-proprietorship-registration-process-in-singapore-a-detailed-guide/?channel=display&subchannel=google-max&adgroup=&device=m&device=&placement=&location=9062548&network=x&utm_term=&utm_campaign=SG_NAT_GEN_Accounting_PMax&utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&hsa_acc=5254359892&hsa_cam=20767741587&hsa_grp=&hsa_ad=&hsa_src=x&hsa_tgt=&hsa_kw=&hsa_mt=&hsa_net=adwords&hsa_ver=3&gad_source=1&gbraid=0AAAAADFybwcN9jMlxikqzf6GFvdKJXhtj

Navigating Sole Proprietorship Registration Process in Singapore: A Detailed Guide

Introduction

Welcome to the vibrant business landscape of Singapore, where entrepreneurs from all corners of the world come to turn their dreams into reality! If you're considering starting a sole proprietorship in this bustling city-state, you've made a fantastic choice. Singapore offers an array of opportunities and incentives for budding businesses.

However, before you can dive headfirst into your entrepreneurial journey, there's one crucial step that cannot be overlooked – registering your sole proprietorship with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA). But don't fret! In this detailed guide, we will navigate through the registration process together, providing you with all the essential information and resources. So let's get started on our journey towards building a successful business in Singapore!

Starting Sole Proprietorships or Partnerships

When it comes to starting a business in Singapore, aspiring entrepreneurs have two main options: establishing a sole proprietorship or forming a partnership. Each structure has its own advantages and considerations, so it's essential to understand the differences before making your decision.

A sole proprietorship is the simplest form of business ownership, where an individual operates their enterprise as the sole owner. This means you have complete control over all aspects of your business, from decision-making to profits and losses. It's an ideal choice if you prefer autonomy and want to start small without involving any partners.

On the other hand, partnerships involve two or more individuals sharing ownership and responsibility for running the business. There are different types of partnerships, including general partnerships (where all partners share equal liability) and limited partnerships (which include both general partners with unlimited liability and limited partners with restricted liability).

Partnerships can bring together complementary skills and resources while spreading out costs and risks among multiple individuals. It's crucial to establish clear roles, responsibilities, profit-sharing agreements, as well as mechanisms for dispute resolution within your partnership agreement.

Whether you choose a sole proprietorship or partnership depends on factors such as your long-term goals, financial resources, risk tolerance, management preferences, and legal obligations. Understanding these distinctions will help you make an informed decision that aligns with your vision for success.

Remember that starting a business requires careful planning beyond just choosing between these structures – market research, creating a solid business plan outline finances are also necessary steps towards launching your venture successfully! Stay tuned as we delve deeper into each aspect in our upcoming blog sections!

nership can be an exciting venture for aspiring entrepreneurs. Whether you're looking to run your business solo or join forces with a partner, both structures have their advantages and considerations.

A sole proprietorship is the simplest form of business ownership. As the sole owner, you have complete control over decision-making and enjoy all profits generated by the business. This structure is ideal if you prefer autonomy and flexibility in your operations.

On the other hand, partnerships allow two or more individuals to share ownership and responsibilities. This can bring about diverse skill sets, shared risks, and pooled resources. Partnerships are great for those who value collaboration and want to capitalize on complementary expertise.

Before deciding which structure suits your needs best, it's essential to weigh factors such as personal liability, taxation implications, funding requirements, and growth potential. Consider consulting with legal professionals or financial advisors who can guide you through this decision-making process.

Remember that starting a business requires careful planning and research – from market analysis to financial projections. So take the time to evaluate your goals, assess risks, determine suitable partners (if applicable), and develop a solid business plan before embarking on this thrilling entrepreneurial journey!

Registering Sole Proprietorship in Singapore

Registering a business in Singapore is a straightforward process that requires careful consideration and attention to detail. Before you can start your journey as a sole proprietor or partnership, it is important to understand the steps involved in registering your business with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA).

Navigating the process of registering a sole proprietorship in Singapore may seem daunting at first, but armed with the right knowledge and information, it can actually be quite straightforward. By following the steps outlined above and ensuring that you meet all the necessary requirements, you can take your first steps towards establishing your own business.

Remember, choosing to register as a sole proprietorship comes with its advantages and disadvantages. It offers simplicity and flexibility in terms of decision-making, but also exposes you to personal liability for any debts or legal issues that may arise. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider your options before making a final decision.

If you need further assistance or guidance throughout the registration process, do not hesitate to engage professional services such as accounting firms or corporate service providers who specialize in helping entrepreneurs set up their businesses.

With determination and perseverance, starting your own sole proprietorship in Singapore can be an exciting journey into entrepreneurship. So go ahead and take that leap of faith – there's no better time than now to turn your dreams into reality!

hen registering your business in Singapore is choosing a company or business name. This name should be unique and not infringe on any existing trademarks or copyrights. ACRA has specific guidelines for naming your business, so it's important to familiarize yourself with these requirements before making your final decision.

When it comes to addresses registered with ACRA, there are three types to consider: residential address, local office address, and virtual office address. Each option has its own benefits and considerations depending on your circumstances.

To register your sole proprietorship or partnership, you will need certain documents including identification documents for all partners, a proposed business name, details of the principal activity of the business, and more. The registration procedure can be done online through ACRA's BizFile+ portal.

There are several advantages associated with operating as a sole proprietorship in Singapore such as ease of setup and flexibility in decision-making. However, there are also disadvantages like unlimited liability where personal assets may be at risk.

Obtaining a Unique Entity Number (UEN) is an essential step after successfully registering your sole proprietorship or partnership. The UEN serves as an identification number for businesses in Singapore and enables them to interact with government agencies easily. Additionally, obtaining a Business Profile from ACRA provides comprehensive information about registered entities which can be useful for potential clients or partners.

In order to register your business successfully in Singapore there are some pre-registration requirements that must be met such as ensuring eligibility criteria are fulfilled by all partners involved.

The actual registration process involves submitting all necessary documents along with their respective fees through the BizFile+ portal. Once your application has been approved, you will receive a notification from ACRA

Choosing a company or business name

Choosing a company or business name is an exciting yet crucial step in the registration process for your sole proprietorship in Singapore. Your business name represents your brand and can play a significant role in attracting customers and distinguishing yourself from competitors.

When selecting a name, it's essential to ensure that it accurately reflects the nature of your business while being unique and memorable. Consider brainstorming creative options that align with your products or services. Conduct thorough research to check if any existing businesses have similar names to avoid confusion or potential legal issues down the line.

Remember that certain naming guidelines must be followed when registering your sole proprietorship in Singapore. The name should not infringe on any trademarks, be offensive, misleading, or already reserved by another company. Additionally, ACRA recommends avoiding generic terms like "international" or "global."

To streamline the process further, you can use ACRA's online search function to check for name availability before applying for registration. This will save you time and help ensure that you select a unique and available name for your sole proprietorship.

Choosing a compelling and suitable business name is an important aspect of establishing your sole proprietorship in Singapore successfully!

Types of addresses registered with ACRA

When registering a sole proprietorship in Singapore, one important step is choosing the type of address to register with ACRA (Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority). There are three options available: residential address, commercial address, and registered office address.

A residential address is simply your home address. If you choose this option, it's important to note that your home will be publicly listed as the business's official address. This may not be ideal for those who value privacy or wish to keep their personal and professional lives separate.

On the other hand, a commercial address refers to a non-residential location such as an office space or retail shop. This option provides a more professional image for your business and can help establish credibility among potential clients.

There is the registered office address. This is typically used by businesses that do not require physical premises but still need an official mailing address. It allows you to use the services of a registered filing agent or corporate service provider who will handle your mail on behalf of your business.

Deciding on the right type of address depends on various factors including budget, privacy concerns, and nature of your business operations. It's essential to carefully consider these options before making a decision during the registration process for your sole proprietorship in Singapore.

Documents Required and Registration Procedure

When it comes to registering your sole proprietorship in Singapore, there are certain documents you'll need to gather and a specific registration procedure to follow. Here's what you need to know:

1. Identification Documents: You will need a valid identification document for the owner or partners of the business. This can be a passport, National Identity Card (for Singapore citizens), or Employment Pass (for foreign individuals).

2. Business Name Approval: Before proceeding with registration, you must get approval for your chosen business name from the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA). Make sure your name is unique and does not infringe on any trademarks.

3. Registered Address: You will need to provide a registered address for your business where official correspondence can be sent. This can be either a residential address or an office space.

4. Consent Forms: If you plan to use a residential address as your registered address, you may need consent forms from relevant parties such as landlords or homeowners' associations.

5. ACRA Online System: The actual registration process takes place through ACRA's online system called BizFile+. You will need to create an account and submit all required documents digitally.

6. Application Fee: There is a fee involved in registering your sole proprietorship which can be paid online during the application process.

7. Processing Time: Once all documents are submitted correctly, it usually takes about 15 minutes for processing by ACRA.

Remember that these requirements may vary depending on individual circumstances, so it's always best to check with ACRA before starting the registration process.

Sole Proprietorship Advantages

Flexibility and Control: One of the main advantages of operating as a sole proprietorship in Singapore is the flexibility and control it offers. As the sole owner, you have complete authority over all business decisions, from choosing suppliers to setting prices. You can adapt your business strategies quickly to respond to market changes without having to consult with partners or shareholders.

Ease of Setup: Registering a sole proprietorship in Singapore is relatively simple and cost-effective compared to other business structures. The registration process is streamlined, requiring minimal paperwork and no complex legal formalities. This allows entrepreneurs to get their businesses up and running quickly without unnecessary delays.

Minimal Compliance Requirements: Sole proprietors have fewer compliance obligations compared to larger entities like companies or partnerships. You are not required to hold annual general meetings or file audited financial statements unless your annual revenue exceeds certain thresholds set by ACRA (Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority).

Tax Benefits: Another advantage of operating as a sole proprietorship is that you are only taxed once at personal income tax rates on your business profits. This can result in lower overall tax liabilities compared to companies which are subject to corporate tax rates.

Direct Profits: As the sole owner, you get direct access to all profits generated by your business. There's no need for profit-sharing arrangements with partners or shareholders, allowing you greater financial rewards for your hard work.

Personal Branding: Running a sole proprietorship gives you the opportunity for personal branding as customers associate your name with the products or services offered by your business. Building a strong personal brand can create trust among clients/customers and help differentiate yourself from competitors.

While there are numerous advantages associated with starting a sole proprietorship in Singapore, it's important also consider some potential drawbacks before making this decision.

Sole Proprietorship Disadvantages

1. Unlimited Liability: One of the main disadvantages of a sole proprietorship is that the owner has unlimited personal liability for any debts or legal obligations incurred by the business. This means that if the business fails, creditors can go after the owner's personal assets to settle outstanding debts.
2. Limited Access to Capital: Sole proprietors often face challenges when it comes to accessing capital for their businesses. Since they are solely responsible for financing their operations, they may find it difficult to secure loans or investments from banks or investors.
3. Lack of Continuity: Unlike other types of business entities, such as corporations or partnerships, sole proprietorships do not have a separate legal existence apart from their owners. This means that if the owner passes away or becomes incapacitated, the business may cease to exist unless proper succession planning is in place.
4. Limited Growth Potential: Sole proprietorships are typically smaller in scale compared to other forms of businesses and may have limited growth potential due to factors such as lack of resources and expertise.
5. Difficulty in Hiring Employees: As a sole proprietor, you may face challenges in attracting and retaining talented employees since you cannot offer them shares in the company or provide long-term job security like larger organizations can.
6. Difficulty Obtaining Financing: Sole proprietors often struggle with obtaining financing because lenders view them as higher risk borrowers compared to larger companies with multiple owners and more established financial records.
7. Tax Implications: While sole proprietors benefit from simplified tax reporting (as profits and losses are reported on their individual income tax returns), they also bear full responsibility for paying self-employment taxes which include both Social Security and Medicare taxes.

Remember these points when considering starting a sole proprietorship but don't let them discourage you! Each type of business structure has its own advantages and disadvantages – weigh your options carefully before making your decision.

Unique Entity Number (UEN) and Business Profile

When registering your sole proprietorship in Singapore, one important aspect to consider is obtaining a Unique Entity Number (UEN) and creating a business profile. The UEN serves as an identification number for your business, while the business profile provides essential information about your company.

To obtain a UEN, you can apply online through the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA) website or at their Customer Service Centre. You'll need to provide necessary documents such as identification proof, address proof, and details of the owners/partners.

Once you have obtained your UEN, it's time to create a comprehensive business profile. This includes providing information about your company's nature of business activities, shareholders' details, financial year-end date, and more. The accuracy and completeness of this information are crucial as it will be publicly available on ACRA's database.

Having a well-prepared business profile not only helps potential clients or partners understand your venture better but also ensures compliance with legal requirements. It showcases professionalism and credibility which can positively impact investor confidence in your sole proprietorship.

Remember that maintaining an updated business profile is equally important throughout the lifespan of your sole proprietorship. Any changes regarding ownership structure or key personnel should be promptly reflected in order to maintain accurate records with ACRA.

By understanding the importance of having a Unique Entity Number (UEN) and creating an informative business profile for your sole proprietorship registration in Singapore, you are taking vital steps towards establishing yourself successfully within the local market. So make sure to allocate sufficient time and effort into these aspects during the registration process!

How to register a business

Registering your business in Singapore is a relatively straightforward process, thanks to the user-friendly online platform provided by the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA). Here are the steps you need to follow:

1. Choose a name for your business: Before starting the registration process, it's important to choose a unique and distinctive name for your sole proprietorship. Make sure it complies with ACRA's guidelines and does not infringe on any existing trademarks.

2. Prepare the necessary documents: To register as a sole proprietorship, you will need to provide certain documents such as identification proof, residential address proof, and details of your intended business activities.

3. Submit the application online: Once you have all the required documents ready, you can proceed to submit your application through ACRA's BizFile+ portal. The system will guide you step-by-step through each section.

4. Pay the registration fee: There is a nominal fee involved in registering your sole proprietorship in Singapore. You can make payment online using various methods including credit cards or internet banking.

5. Receive confirmation and UEN: Upon successful submission of your application and payment of fees, ACRA will issue an email notification confirming your registration along with a Unique Entity Number (UEN) for identification purposes.

Remember that while registering as a sole proprietorship offers simplicity and ease of operation, there are also limitations associated with personal liability for debts and obligations incurred by the business. It's always advisable to seek professional advice before embarking on this journey.

Pre-Registration Requirements for Sole Proprietorship

Before you can register your sole proprietorship in Singapore, there are a few important requirements that you need to fulfill. These pre-registration requirements ensure that your business is compliant with the regulations set by the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA).

You must be at least 18 years old to register as a sole proprietor. Additionally, you must be either a Singapore Citizen, Permanent Resident, or hold an Employment Pass/EntrePass/Dependant's Pass.

Next, it is essential to choose a unique business name that accurately represents your brand. The chosen name should not infringe any trademarks or copyrights and should not be obscene or offensive.

You will also need to provide details of your proposed business activities during the registration process. This includes specifying the nature of your business operations and indicating if any licenses or permits are required for your specific industry.

Furthermore, it is crucial to have a registered address in Singapore where official correspondence can be sent. This address can be residential but cannot be a P.O. Box address.

Before registering as a sole proprietor, make sure you have all the necessary supporting documents ready such as identification proof (NRIC/FIN/passport) and relevant work pass details (if applicable).

By ensuring that these pre-registration requirements are met beforehand, you can streamline the process of registering your sole proprietorship in Singapore and get closer to turning your entrepreneurial dreams into reality!

Sole Proprietorship Registration Process

The registration process for a sole proprietorship in Singapore is relatively straightforward. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you navigate through it.

Before registering your business, you need to ensure that you meet the pre-registration requirements. These include being at least 18 years old, having local residency or a valid work visa, and not being an undischarged bankrupt.

Once you've met the requirements, it's time to start the registration process. You can do this online via BizFile+, which is ACRA's electronic filing system. Prepare all necessary documents such as identification cards or passports of yourself and any partners involved in the business.

Next, choose a unique name for your sole proprietorship and check its availability using ACRA's online directory search function. Make sure the name aligns with your business goals and is easy to remember.

After finalizing your name choice, proceed with registering your business address with ACRA. There are three types of addresses: residential address (home office), commercial address (office space), or rental mailbox address (virtual office).

Now comes the actual registration procedure. Fill out the required forms on BizFile+ accurately and submit them along with all supporting documents electronically. Pay any applicable fees during this step as well.

Once submitted successfully, ACRA will review your application within one working day. If everything is in order, they will issue you a Unique Entity Number (UEN) which serves as your business identifier throughout Singapore.

To wrap up the process, obtain a copy of your Business Profile from ACRA which contains important details about your registered entity like company information and activities undertaken by it.

And there you have it! By following these steps diligently and providing accurate information during registration,you'll be on track towards establishingyoursole proprietorship smoothlyin Singapore! Remember,to always seek professional assistance if neededand stay compliantwith local regulations throughoutthe journeyof runningyourbusinessasasoleproprietor.

Conclusion

In wrapping up this detailed guide on navigating the registration process for your sole proprietorship in Singapore, it's important to emphasize the significance of proper business registration. By registering your sole proprietorship with ACRA and obtaining a Unique Entity Number (UEN), you establish your business as a legitimate entity in Singapore.

The advantages of operating as a sole proprietorship include simplicity, flexibility, and full control over decision-making. It allows individuals to pursue their entrepreneurial ambitions without the complexities associated with other business structures. However, it's essential to be aware of the disadvantages too – unlimited liability and potential difficulty in raising capital.

Remember that choosing an appropriate name for your business is crucial as it represents your brand identity. Take into consideration any restrictions imposed by ACRA when selecting a name.

Starting a sole proprietorship can be an exciting venture for aspiring entrepreneurs. With careful planning and adherence to the registration process outlined above, you can lay solid foundations for success in Singapore's vibrant marketplace.

For more information and resources on setting up your own business or related topics like taxation requirements or applying for licenses or permits specific to certain industries, please refer to the Additional Resources section below.

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Commentary: Should children learn to play chess? - CNA

https://www.channelnewsasia.com/commentary/chess-class-singapore-ding-liren-gukesh-dommaraju-magnus-carlsen-4783566

Commentary: Should children learn to play chess?

SINGAPORE: Throw out old stereotypes of a game only for nerds or retirees, chess is now firmly mainstream.

The 2024 World Chess Championship in Singapore, still ongoing at the time of writing, is livestreamed to millions. The showdown between world champion Ding Liren and 18-year-old challenger Gukesh Dommaraju receives global media coverage. Recent Nobel Laureate Demis Hassabis – a former child chess prodigy himself – was in town to open their first game.

Charismatic top players such as Magnus Carlsen and Hikaru Nakamura – the current World Number 1 and 3 – do not fit the conventional image of chess grandmasters. Chess influencers stream games and analyses, making chess dynamic and entertaining even for casual viewers.

Technology – from internet chess platforms to social media – has made it easy for people to learn, play and connect online. The surge of popularity can also be attributed to the chance convergence of factors, like the COVID-19 pandemic – during which lockdowns and movement restrictions drove more people to play chess – and the 2020 Netflix series The Queen's Gambit.

The rising global tide has not left Singapore behind. Grassroots chess events have proliferated, with initiatives such as the Aliwal Chess Club gaining attention even on mainstream media.

Participation among young children and youth has similarly surged, with year-on-year increments in enrolment for chess courses and tournaments organised by the Singapore Chess Federation and private operators.

PARENTS MAY HOPE FOR COGNITIVE BENEFITS

Some parents may be wondering if this might be a good time to sign their children up to learn chess. Many who do believe that it can shape young minds in profound and positive ways, or hope it can enhance academic performance.

It is easy to understand why. After all, a game of chess is fundamentally about strategic thinking and problem-solving.

Players plan multiple moves ahead and anticipate consequences. A typical three- to four-hour game requires concentration and patience, increasingly rare qualities in our digital world of instant gratification and short attention spans.

At higher levels of competition, preparation involves knowing and adapting to one's opponents, taking into account their style of play, strengths and weaknesses, and their possible preparation against oneself. These skills should transcend the chessboard.

RESEARCH DOESN'T BACK UP OUR BELIEFS

However, a sense of healthy scepticism with regards to these seemingly logical beliefs is important. Just as in chess, one should assess positions objectively and analyse even "obvious" moves and captures.

Surprisingly, there are only a handful of rigorous and well-designed research studies on the effects of chess on children. And they suggest no effect when it came to attention, focus or creativity.

The most important study was on primary school children in Bangladesh in 2016, conducted by Monash University researchers, led by Associate Professor Lee Wang Sheng, my former Raffles Institution chess teammate and one of the top players of Asia in his youth. The primary positive effect was that the children who learned assessed risks better and were less risk-averse than those who did not.

The Monash University study and another large-scale trial conducted on over 4,000 children in England also found no significant evidence that learning chess enhances mathematical abilities, reading nor science.

In adults, playing chess (and other games such as mahjong and weiqi) is associated with better cognitive health, reducing the risk of dementia as well as slowing cognitive decline. However, most of the published research studies are small and not designed to demonstrate a causal relationship.

CONSIDER THE EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Where chess can benefit players is in the social platform it provides for children and adults from diverse backgrounds to connect. The sport transcends age, ethnicity, language and cultural barriers, creating a meritocratic and inclusive environment.

I remember going to chess clubs as a teenager – then mainly in community centres – after school and over the weekends, playing games for fun or participating in local tournaments. Social status did not matter – one was respected for one's skills and sportsmanship. I made many acquaintances and friends over chess, many of whom I remain in touch with or work closely with today.

Maintaining one's composure under pressure, and coping with loss and failure – often repeatedly at a young age – are invaluable experiences for building resilience.

Such losses are "safe failures" and can teach children to view setbacks as stepping stones for growth rather than reasons to give up. Moreover, being able to objectively track one's improvement with effort – by achieving better results in tournaments or defeating formerly formidable opponents – boosts self-confidence and a sense of accomplishment that extends beyond the game.

These emotional and social development benefits are not unique to chess, of course, but present in many other sports and interactive games.

Related:

ALL SPORTS AND GAMES HAVE POTENTIAL DRAWBACKS

But just like these other sports and games, chess is not without potential drawbacks.

The risk of children and youth becoming overly competitive or experiencing undue pressure is always present, especially if parents or coaches emphasise winning too strongly. Excessive focus and time spent on chess can also lead to reduced physical activity, a narrower range of interests, and in some cases, poorer academic performance.

I found Basic Military Training during National Service gruelling because of the lack of physical fitness. At various points in junior college and university, my results were subpar, usually after taking time off for overseas chess tournaments. My parents and some of my teachers expressed concern about my academic progress, but (perhaps) wisely chose to support and respect my passion for the sport.

It is important to ensure that chess supplements, rather than replaces, a well-rounded lifestyle that includes physical exercise, diverse social interactions and other recreational activities.

SO, SHOULD I SIGN MY CHILD UP FOR CHESS?

From my admittedly biased perspective, there is little harm and much potential benefit in introducing children to chess.

However, it is essential not to have unreasonable expectations about the cognitive or academic benefits of the game, and children should never be pressured to continue if interest wanes. If they develop a passion for the game, providing a supportive environment and offering opportunities – be it enrolling in school chess clubs or participating in local age-group events – can at the minimum enhance their skills and broaden their interests.

For some – which include my fellow chess enthusiasts and myself – it can be a transformative experience that positively shapes lives.

Professor Hsu Li Yang is the President of the Singapore Chess Federation and Vice Dean of Global Health at the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore.

Source: CNA/ch

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20 waiting games for kid

https://www.whatdowedoallday.com/waiting-games-for-kids/#

20 Waiting Games For Kids That Will Tickle Your Brain whatdowedoallday.com

https://www.southernliving.com/culture/best-dad-jokes

260 Best Dad Jokes That Are Actually Funny

When does a joke become a dad joke? When it becomes apparent.

When does a joke become a dad joke? When it becomes apparent.

Dad jokes are both beloved and despised—like corny puns, they're funny because they're so not funny. But what makes a dad joke different from a regular pun? The signature of a dad joke is that it's utterly uncool. Grandma may be the queen of nonsensical sayings, but Dad is certainly the king of cheesy jokes. Whether we're willing to admit it or not, sometimes these jokes are actually funny. Add these brilliant one-liners and puns to your repertoire, and you'll be on your way to matching Dad's pun-king status in no time.

Best Dad Jokes

Southern Living

• Dogs can't operate MRI machines. But catscan.
• I wondered why the frisbee kept getting bigger and bigger. Then it hit me.
• Why did the coach go to the bank? To get his quarterback.
• Why do dads take an extra pair of socks when they golfing? In case they get a hole-in-one!
• Singing in the shower is fun until you get soap in your mouth. Then it's a soap opera.
• Where do fruits go on vacation? Pear-is.
• I was wondering why the ball kept getting bigger and bigger… // And then it hit me.
• Why do melons have weddings? Because they cantaloupe.
• What kind of cars do eggs drive? Yolkswagens.
• Every time I take my dog to the park, the ducks try to bite him. That's what I get for buying a pure bread dog.
• I stayed up all night and tried to figure out where the sun was. Then it dawned on me.
• Why does Snoop Dogg always carry an umbrella? Fo' Drizzle.
• Once I ate a fancy Italian restaurant. It cost a pretty penne.
• Why did the gym close down? It just didn't work out.
• Two artists had an art contest. It ended in a draw.
• What kind of music do mummies listen to? Wrap.
• Why did the car get a flat tire? Because there was a fork in the road!
• What do you call a cold puppy? A chili dog.
• Did you hear the sausage joke? It's the wurst.
• Where are average things manufactured? The Satisfactory.
• How can you tell it's a dogwood tree? From the bark.
• Why did the woman go on the date with the mushroom? Because he was a fun-ghi.
• Want to hear a joke about construction? I'm still working on it.
• What did one hat say to the other? Wait here, I'm going on ahead!
• Why shouldn't pigs drive? They hog the road.
• Did you hear about the guy who invented the "knock-knock" joke? He won the "no-bell" prize.
• Where do bad rainbows go? Prism, it's a light sentence.
• What does corn say when it gets a compliment? Aw, shucks!
• How do astronomers find asteroids headed toward earth? With a collide-o-scope.

Corny Dad Jokes

Southern Living

• What did the nose tell the finger? Stop picking on me.
• What do you call a sick lemon? Lemon-aid.
• What gets wetter the more it dries? A towel.
• What should you do with a sick boat? Take it to the doc.
• What do you call a toothless bear? A gummy bear.
• Why can't your hand be 12 inches long? Because then it would be a foot.
• What has four wheels and flies? A garbage truck.
• Why are pigs so bad at sports? Because they always hog the ball.
• Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana.
• How do moths swim? Using the butterfly stroke.
• What's an astronaut's favorite part of a computer? The space bar.
• I hit in the head with a soda can. Thankfully it was a soft drink.
• What's the name of my cheese? Nacho cheese.
• Knock, knock. Who's there? Cows go. Cows go who? No, cows go moo!
• What's the loudest pet you can own? A trumpet.
• What did the buffalo say to his son when he dropped him off at school? Bison.
• What does a pampered cow give? Spoiled milk.
• John had a blind date to a fitness center. She didn't show up, so I guess they won't work out.
• I made a whopping six figures last year. I also was fired from the toy factory for being too slow.
• Knock, knock. Who's there? A little old lady. A little old lady who? Hey, you can yodel!
• Why did the teddy bear skip dessert? She was stuffed.
• What did the left eye say to the right? Something smells between us.
• Why shouldn't you tell secrets in a cornfield? Too many ears.
• I just got kicked out of a secret cooking society. I spilled the beans.
• What's it called when a snowman throws a tantrum? A meltdown.
• What did the scarecrow win an award for? He was outstanding in his field.
• I don't know much about the best things in Switzerland, but their flag is a big plus.
• I used to hate facial hair, but then it grew on me.
• How many potatoes do you need to make a pancake? A latke.
• The wedding was so beautiful. Even the cake was in tiers.
• I hung a picture up on the wall the other day. Some would say that I nailed it.
• Why do Swedish battleships have bar codes on them? So they can Scandinavian.
• I invented a pencil with an eraser on each end. There's no point to it.

One-Liner Dad Jokes

Southern Living

• RIP boiling water, you will be mist.
• I once wrote a song about a tortilla, but it's more of a wrap.
• A witch's vehicle goes brrroom brrroom!
• The waiter asked if I wanted a box for my leftovers, but I told him I'm not into fighting.
• If you see a crime at an Apple store, are you an iWitness?
• If the early bird catches the worm, I'll sleep in until there are pancakes.
• The wedding was so beautiful, even the cake was in tiers.
• I used to be able to play the piano by ear, but now I have to use my hands.
• Did Noah include termites on the ark?
• I used to hate facial hair, but it grew on me.
• Keep the dream alive, and hit the snooze button.
• I tell dad jokes but I have no kids. I'm a faux pa.
• Whiteboards are remarkable.
• I'm afraid of speed bumps, but I am slowly getting over it.
• I'm so good at sleeping I can do it with my eyes closed!
• Some people think prison is one word, but to robbers, it's the whole sentence.
• I used to be addicted to soap, but I'm clean now.
• Are people born with photographic memories, or does it take time to develop?
• Spring is here! I got so excited I wet my plants!
• I was at the park wondering why this frisbee kept getting bigger, and then it hit me.
• I poured root beer in a square glass. Now I just have beer.
• I had a dream about being a muffler. I woke up exhausted.
• Talk is cheap until you talk to a lawyer.
• A fish swam into a wall and said, "Dam!"
• A pony with a cough is just a little horse.
  
• It takes guts to be an organ donor.
  

Funny Dad Jokes

Southern Living

• I'll call you later. Don't call me later, call me Dad!
• When does a joke become a dad joke? When it becomes apparent.
• Which bear is the most condescending? A pan-duh.
• Why was the little cookie sad? His mother was a wafer so long.
• What kind of drink can be bitter and sweet? Reali-tea.
• Did you hear about the dry cleaner who got arrested? He was laundering money.
• Why do dads take an extra pair of socks when they golfing? In case they get a hole in one!
• Singing in the shower is fun until you get soap in your mouth. Then it's a soap opera.
• Where do fruits go on vacation? Pear-is.
• Why do melons have weddings? Because they cantaloupe.
• Why did the picture get arrested? It got framed.
• Why do M&Ms go to school? Because they want to be a Smartie.
• Knock knock. Who's there? Tank. Tank who? You're welcome.
• How do you protect a bagel? Lox it up!
• I like telling Dad jokes. Sometimes he laughs!
• What do you call a cow with three legs? Lean beef.
• What do you call a cow with no legs? Ground beef.
• Why did the stadium get hot after the game? All of the fans left.
• How did the phone propose to his girlfriend? He gave her a ring.
• Why shouldn't you enter into a contract with Wolverine? Because of his retractable clause.
• What kind of coffee does a vampire drink? De-coffin-ated.
• Today I gave my dead batteries away. They were free of charge.
• How do you keep a skunk from smelling? Hold its nose! 
• What do you call a fish with two knees? A two-knee fish!
• Why can't you tell a taco a secret? They tend to spill the beans!
• The past, present, and future walk into a bar. It was tense.
• What do you call a fish with no eyes? Fsh.
• A book fell on my head. I only have my shelf to blame.
• Someone stole my mood ring. I don't know how I feel about that.
• What did the horse say when he fell down? I've fallen and I can't giddy up.

Bad Dad Jokes

Southern Living

• What do you call it when Batman skips church? Christian Bale.
• Did you hear about the man who fell into an upholstery machine? He's fully recovered.
• Why are skeletons so calm? Because nothing gets under their skin.
• What did one ocean say to the other ocean? Nothing, they just waved.
• Did you hear about the power outlet who got into a fight with a power cord? He thought he could socket to him.
• Why did the nurse need a red pen? In case she needed to draw blood.
• Do you know the story about the chicken that crossed the border? Me neither, I couldn't follow it.
• How can a leopard change his spots? By moving.
• Don't trust atoms. They make up everything!
• I'm afraid of the calendar. Its days are numbered.
• Two guys walked into a bar. The third guy ducked.
• My wife said I should do lunges to stay in shape. That would be a big step forward.
• What did the zero say to the eight? That belt looks good on you.
• I got carded at a liquor store, and my Blockbuster card accidentally fell out. The cashier said never mind.
• What's a pirate's favorite letter? (Person answers RRR) You'd think it would be Rrrr but it's really the C!
• I went to a seafood disco last week, but ended up pulling a mussel.
• Have you heard the rumor about butter? Never mind, I shouldn't be spreading it.
• A man at a funeral walks up to the widow and says, "Mind if I say a word?" She says, "Please do". He says "bargain." She says, "Thanks, that means a great deal."
• How did the citrus get to the prom? In a lemonzeen!
• What's worse than finding a worm in your apple? Finding half a worm.
• What did the sushi say to the bee? Wassa Bee?
• Do u know why Grandparents and grandchildren get along so well? A common enemy.
• How do trees get online? They just log on.
• How does the moon cut his hair? Eclipse it.
• Air used to be free at the gas station. Now it's $1.50. You know why? Inflation.
• When I was a kid, my mother told me I could be anyone I wanted to be. Turns out, identity theft is a crime.

Cheesy Dad Joke Puns

Southern Living

• To whoever stole my copy of Microsoft Office, I will find you. You have my Word!
• How do celebrities stay cool? They have many fans.
• What did the fisherman say to the magician? Pick a cod, any cod.
• What do you call a fake noodle? An impasta.
• How do you organize a space party? You planet.
• Did you know that milk is the fastest liquid on earth? It's pasteurized before you can even see it.
• Why can't a leopard hide? Because he's always spotted.
• How many tickles does it take to make an octopus laugh? 10 tickles.
• What do you call an illegally parked frog? Toad.
• Why are spiders so smart? They can find everything on the web.
• How did the hipster burn his mouth? He ate his pizza before it was cool.
• It's inappropriate to make a "dad joke" if you're not a dad. It's a faux pa.
• Did you hear about the circus fire? It was in tents.
• Can February March? No, but April May!
• What does a house wear? A dress.
• How do lawyers say goodbye? We'll be suing ya!
• What kind of award does the world's top dentist get? A little plaque.
• Wanna hear a joke about paper? Never mind—it's wearable.
• Want to hear a dirty joke? A white horse fell in a mud puddle. Want to hear a clean joke? The white horse took a bath.
• Did you hear about the chef who died? He pasta-way.
• Two antennas decided to get married, the ceremony was pretty boring, but the reception was great!
• Why do seagulls live by the sea? If they lived by the bay, they'd be bagels.
• What do you call a duck on the Fourth of July? A fire-quacker.
• What's the best way to watch a fly fishing tournament? Live stream.
• I could tell a joke about pizza, but it's a little cheesy.
• Every time I take my dog to the park, the ducks try to bite him. That's what I get for buying a pure bread dog.
• What goes up and down but doesn't move at all? Stairs.
• I told my doctor that I broke my arm in two places. He told me to stop going to those places.
• What is a funny mountain called? Hill-arious.
• What do u call an Army of babies? Infantry.

Dad Jokes for Kids

Southern Living

• I wouldn't buy anything with velcro. It's a total rip-off.
• What time did the man go to the dentist? Tooth hurt-y.
• I put your grandma on speed dial the other day. I call it insta-gram.
• What kind of egg did the evil chicken lay? A deviled egg.
• Why should you wear glasses to math class? Because it helps with division.
• Which is faster, hot or cold? Hot, because you can catch a cold.
• How does a bee brush its hair? It uses a honeycomb.
• How do you make a Kleenex dance? Put a little boogie in it!
• What do you get from a pampered cow? Spoiled milk!
• Why was 6 afraid of 7? Because 7 ate 9.
• Where do baby cats learn to swim? The kitty pool.
• Why does it take pirates so long to learn the alphabet? Because they could spend years at C.
• Which animal never plays by the rules? A cheetah.
• What sound does the engine of a witch's vehicle make? Broooom broooom!
• What do you call a fish wearing a bow tie? Sofishticated.
• What bone will a dog never eat? A trombone.
• Sundays are always a little sad, but the day before is a sadder day.
• Where do you learn to make a banana split? Sundae school.
• Do you know what's odd? Every other number.
• What did one ocean say to the other? Nothing, they just waved at each other.
• How do you row a canoe filled with puppies? Bring out the doggy paddle.
• Why is cold water so insecure? Because it's never called hot.
• Why did the donut go to the dentist? To get a filling.
• I don't trust stairs. They're always up to something.
• What happens when a frog's car breaks down? It gets toad.
• What did the 0 say to the 8? Nice belt.
• What do you call a lazy kangaroo? A pouch potato.
• What did Tennessee? The same thing as Arkansas.
• Why is it bad to iron your four-leaf clover? Because you shouldn't press your luck.
• What rock group has four men who don't sing? Mount Rushmore.
• Where do pirates buy hooks? The second-hand store.
• Why didn't the skeleton go on the rollercoaster? It didn't have the guts.
• Why did the birds attack the dog? He was pure bread.

Dad Jokes For Work

• Why was the broom late to work? It over-swept.
• What does a baby computer call his father? Data.
• Why are elevator jokes so good? They work on so many levels.
• Why did the computer sneeze? It had a virus.
• What's Forrest Gump's email password? 1forest1.
• Now matter how much you push the envelope, it'll still be stationery.
• What do you call a singing laptop? A Dell.
• What do you call a sad cup of coffee? Depresso.
• What does a gossiping coffee do? Spill the beans.
• Who wins in a fight between Sunday and Monday? Sunday, because Monday is a weekday.
• Why did the employee get fired from the calendar factory? He took a day off.
• I get plenty of exercise at work: Jumping to conclusions, pushing my luck, and dodging deadlines.
• My colleague and I laugh about how competitive we are. But I laugh more.
• Do you know what can really ruin a Friday? When you remember it's Thursday. 
• Where do computers go to dance? The disk-o.
• I have a few jokes about unemployed people, but none of them work.
• What did the computer do for his lunch break Had a byte. 
• I got fired from my job at the bank today. A customer asked me to check her balance, so I pushed her over.
• When do computers overheat? When they need to vent.
• I made a pencil with two erasers. It was pointless.
• Why did the coffee machine file a complaint? It couldn't espresso itself properly!
• How do construction workers party? They raise the roof!
• Why did the copier go to therapy? It had too many paper issues.
• Do you know where you can get chicken broth in bulk? The stock market.
• Why are chemists great at solving problems? Because they have all of the solutions!
• What is it called when someone steals your coffee? A mugging.
• What is a computer's favorite food? Microchips

Dad Jokes During Suppertime

• My son just threw a milk carton at me. How dairy?
• Why do hamburgers make good baseball players? They're good at the plate!
• I was gong to tell you a pizza joke, but it's way too cheesy.
• Why did the banana go to to the doctor? It wasn't peeling well.
• What do you call an average potato? A commentater.
• Did you hear the song about the tortilla? Actually, it was more of a wrap.
• Why do hamburgers make poor witnesses? They won't talk no matter how you grill them!
• What's the best day to eat bacon? Fryday.
• Did you know that hamburgers can hula? Just order it with a shake.
• I once worked as an ice delivery driver. Coolest job I've ever had.
• What is a cat's favorite TV show? The evening mews.
• How do you make a rabbit stew? Keep it waiting.
• What would you call two banana skins? A pair of slippers.

Dad Jokes On Road Trips

• Ireland's capital is the fastest growing city. Every year it's Dublin.
• What did Delaware? Her New Jersey
• Florida is a really easy place to move to because it has lots of keys.
• What did Tennessee? The same Arkansas.
• What did the first stoplight say to the second stoplight? Don't look! I'm changing!"
• What do you get if you cross a bike and a rose? Bicycle petals!
• What part of the car is the laziest? The wheels. They are always tired.
• What did the bus conductor say to the frog? "Hop on."
• Where do cars get the most flat tires? Where there is a fork in the road.
• An officer pulled me over for driving in circles. I was just going for a little spin.
• If goods are damaged in transport, do they become bads?
• I can't get my bicycle to stand up by itself. I think it's because it's two tired.

Dad Jokes From Readers

• "Two sausages were in a frying pan. One rolls over to the other and says, 'It's hot in here!' The other replies, 'Wait, you can talk?' " - Submitted by Abbi Wilt
• "Every single time we passed a cemetery: 'People are just dying to get in there!' " -Submitted by Lynn McWlliams
• "Name some friends that always go out to eat with you... Your tasteBUDS" - Submitted by Nathaniel VineyardWorker Jordan Jr.
• "Ran out of toilet paper and now using lettuce leaves. Today was just the tip of the iceberg, tomorrow romaines to be seen." - Submitted by Georgia Rotary Student Program
• "Did you know in Hawaii it's actually illegal to laugh really loud? You have to keep it a lo ha." Submitted by Claudia McCabe

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